GENETIKA, Vol. 42, No. 1 (2010)
Kosana KONSTANTINOV
VLADIMIR Č. TRIFUNOVIĆ: WHOLE LIFE TIME
DEDICATED TO MAIZE [Full
text]
Peter A PETERSON
EARLY DAYS OF GENETICS
CONNECT TO MAIZE RESEARCH INSTITUTE ZEMUN POLJE IN SERBIA:Their corn
breeders travel to North America for further training and
experiences [Full text]
Jelena VANČETOVIĆ, Snežana
MLADENOVIĆ DRINIĆ, Milosav BABIĆ, Dragana
IGNJATOVIĆ-MICIĆ and Violeta ANĐELKOVIĆ
MAIZE GENEBANK
COLLECTIONS AS POTENTIALLY VALUABLE BREEDING MATERIAL [Abstract]
[Full text]
Mario Motto,
Carlotta Balconi, Hans Hartings, Vincenzo Rossi
GENE DISCOVERY FOR improvement of KERNEL quality-related traits in maize [Abstract]
[Full text]
Zorica PAJIĆ, Milica
RADOSAVLJEVIĆ, Milomir FILIPOVIĆ, Goran TODOROVIĆ, Jelena
SRDIĆ and Milovan PAVLOV
BREEDING of speciality maize for INDUSTRIAL purposes [Abstract]
[Full text]
Víctor M. SALCEDA and Judith GUZMÁN
INVERSION
CLINES IN NATURAL POPULATIONS OF Drosophila pseudoobscura FROM MEXICO [Abstract]
[Full text]
Vojka BABIĆ, Milosav
BABIĆ, Mille IVANOVIĆ, Marija
KRALJEVIĆ-BALALIĆ and Miodrag
DIMITRIJEVIĆ
understanding and utilization of genotype-by-environment interaction in
maize breeding [Abstract]
[Full text]
Aleksandra SUDARIC, Marija VRATARIC, Snezana
MLADENOVIC DRINIC, and Maja MATOSA
BIOTECHNOLOGY
IN SOYBEAN BREEDING [Abstract] [Full text]
Mirjana MILOŠEVIĆ, Milka
VUJAKOVIĆ and Đura KARAGIĆ
VIGOUR TESTS
AS INDICATORS OF SEED VIABILITY [Abstract] [Full text]
Milica RADOSAVLJEVIĆ, Vitomir BEKRIĆ, Marija
MILAŠINOVIĆ, Zorica PAJIĆ, Milomir FILIPOVIĆ and Goran TODOROVIĆ
GENETIC
VARIABILITY AS BACKGROUND FOR THE ACHIEVEMENTS
AND PROSPECTS OF THE MAIZE UTILISATION DEVELOPMENT [Abstract] [Full text]
Milomirka MADIĆ, Dragan ĐUROVIĆ , Vladeta STEVOVIĆ and Nikola BOKAN
STABILITY
PARAMETERS FOR GRAIN YIELD OF MAIZE HYBRIDS (Zea mays L.)
Dragana JOŠIĆ, Slobodan Kuzmanović, Saša Stojanović,
Goran Aleksić, Snežana Pavlović, Mira Starović
DETECTION OF
XIIA PHYTOPLASMA GROUP ON CULTIVAR ZUPLJANKA IN ZUPA VINEYARD REGION BY RFLP
ANALYSIS OF 16S rDNA SEQUENCES [Abstract] [Full text]
Lidija
STEFANOVIĆ, Milena SIMIĆ, Vesna DRAGIČEVIĆ
STUDIES ON MAIZE INBRED LINES SUSCEPTIBILITY TO HERBICIDES
[Abstract]
[Full text]
Jan BOĆANSKI, Zorana
SREĆKOV, Aleksandra NASTASIĆ, Mile IVANOVIĆ, Ivica
DJALOVIĆ,and Mirjana VUKOSAVLJEV
MODE OF INHERITANCE AND COMBINING
ABILITIES FOR KERNEL ROW NUMBER, KERNEL NUMBER PER ROW AND GRAIN YIELD IN MAIZE
(Zea mays L.)
Elena TODOROVSKA, Atanas
ATANASSOV,and Dimitar VASSILEV
FROM GENETICS
TO GENOMICS IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS [Abstract]
[Full text]
Kosana
KONSTANTINOV, Snežana MLADENOVIC DRINIC, Violeta
ANĐELKOVIĆ and Milosav BABIĆ
ETHICS IN SCIENTIFIC RESULTS APPLICATION: GENE AND LIFE FORMS PATENTING
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 42, No. 1 (2010), pp. 9-21
© 2010Serbian
Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575:
633.15
Original scientific paper
MAIZE GENEBANK COLLECTIONS AS POTENTIALLY VALUABLE
BREEDING MATERIAL
Jelena
VANČETOVIĆ, Snežana MLADENOVIĆ DRINIĆ, Milosav BABIĆ,
Dragana IGNJATOVIĆ-MICIĆ and Violeta ANĐELKOVIĆ
Maize Research
Institute, Belgrade, Serbia
Abstract
Vančetović J., S. Mladenović Drinić, M.Babić, D.
Ignjatović Micić and V.Anđelković (2010): Maize genebank
collections as potentially valuable breeding material. - Genetika, Vol. 42,
No. 1, 9 - 21.
Characterization and evaluation of the genetic resources provide breeders
with valuable information on an effective utilization of the genetic resources
in breeding programs. In this paper we present the results of different
research programs aimed at identification of superior genotypes among MRI gene
bank accessions, regarding stress tolerance (drought and herbicides), better
nutritional quality (phosphorus) and specific traits (cytoplasmic male
sterility - CMS). Fifty-two genotypes were identified as a potential source for
drought tolerance. Considering herbicide tolerance only genotypes with
resistance to the Pivot were found. Within 100 sources of CMS in the collection
S cytoplasm was identified as the predominant type. Phytate analysis of 60
maize populations identified three groups of
populations – with low (8), intermediate (25) and high (27) phytate content.
The results of these researches, which are a part of pre-breeding activities, will
be included in MRI breeding programs, with the aim of developing new genotypes
with improved traits important in commercial maize breeding and seed
production.
Key words: genetic resources, maize, CMS, drought, phytate
Corresponding
author: Jelena
Vančetović, Maize Research Institute, S.Bajica 1, 11185 Belgrade,
Serbia, e-mail: vjelena@mrizp.rs
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 42, No. 1 (2010), pp. 23-56
© 2010 Serbian
Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575:633.15
Original scientific paper
GENE DISCOVERY FOR improvement of KERNEL
quality-related traits in maize
Mario Motto, Carlotta Balconi, Hans Hartings,
Vincenzo Rossi
CRA-Unitŕ di
Ricerca per la Maiscoltura, Bergamo, Italy
Abstract
Motto M., C. Balconi, H. Hartings and V. Rossi (2010): Gene discovery for improvement
of kernel quality-related traits in maize.- Genetika, Vol 421, No. 1, 23 -56.
Developing maize plants with improved kernel quality
traits involves the ability to use existing genetic variation and to identify
and manipulate commercially important genes. This will open avenues for
designing novel variation in grain composition and will provide the basis for
the development of the next generation of specialty maize. This paper provides
an overview of current knowledge on the identification and exploitation of
genes affecting the composition, development, and structure of the maize kernel
with particular emphasis on pathways relevant to endosperm growth and
development, differentiation of starch-filled cells, and biosynthesis of
starches, storage proteins, lipids, and carotenoids. The potential that the new
technologies of cell and molecular biology will provide for the creation of new
variation in the future are also indicated and discussed.
Key words:
endosperm
development, endosperm mutants, starch and protein synthesis, genetic
variability, gene discovery
Corresponding
author: Mario Motto, CRA-Unitŕ di Ricerca per
la Maiscoltura, Via Stezzano 24, 24126 Bergamo, Italy, e.mail: mario.motto@entecra.it
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 42, No. 1 (2010), pp. 57-66
© 2010 Serbian
Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575:633.15
Original scientific paper
BREEDING of speciality
maize for INDUSTRIAL purposes
Zorica
PAJIĆ1, Milica RADOSAVLJEVIĆ1, Milomir
FILIPOVIĆ1, Goran TODOROVIĆ2, Jelena SRDIĆ1 and Milovan PAVLOV1
1Maize Research Institute,
Zemun Polje, Belgrade, Serbia
2Institute
for Medicinal Plant Research "Dr
Josif Pančić", Belgrade, Serbia
Abstract
Pajić Z., M. Radosavljević, M. Filipović, G. Todorović,
J.Srdić and M. Pavlov (2010): Breeding of speciality maize for
industrial purposes.- Genetika,
Vol 421, No. 1, 57 -66.
The breeding programme on speciality maize with
specific traits was established at the Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje,
several decades ago. The initial material was collected, new methods applyingto
breeding of speciality maize, i.e. popping maize, sweet maize and white-seeded
maize, were introduced. The aim was to enhance and improve variability of the
initial material for breeding these three types of maize. Then, inbred lines of
good combining abilities were developed and used as components for deriving new
superior popping maize hybrids, sweet maize hybrids and white-seeded maize
hybrids. Breeding was aimed at the increase of the popping volume of new inbred
lines and hybrids of popping maize, then at the improvement of quality of
popped kernels - flakes, and at yield increasing. Furthermore, the aim was to
improve quality of sweet maize for different purposes, industrial processing
and consumption as fresh food and also to improve yield and quality of
white-seeded maize. As a result of such breeding, 28, 11 and 9 sweet maize,
popping maize and white-seeded maize hybrids were released, respectively.
Key words: breeding, genotypes, popping maize, sweet maize, white-seeded maize
Corresponding
author: Zorica
Pajić, Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, S. Bajića 1, 11185
Belgrade, Serbia. E mail: zpajic@mrizp.rs
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 42, No.1 (2010), pp. 67-78
© 2010 Serbian
Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575
Original scientific paper
INVERSION CLINES
IN NATURAL POPULATIONS OF Drosophila pseudoobscura FROM MEXICO
Víctor M.
SALCEDA1 and Judith GUZMÁN2
1Departamento de
Biología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares. Mexico
2Centro de Ciencias
de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
Abstract
Salceda V. and J.Guzman (2010): Inversion clines in natural
populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura from Mexico.- Genetika, Vol 42, No.
1, 67 – 78.
Chromosomal polymorphism in natural populations of Drosophila
pseudoobscura have been broadly studied in the USA but scarcely in Mexico
where only about 60 localities have been analyzed. Differences among both
regions are notorious with respect to their chromosomal constitution. Northern
populations, those of USA, have as representative inversions the sequences ST,
AR and CH contrasting with those in Southern populations (Mexico) in which
prevail the gene arrangements TL, CU and SC. Assuming as a probable mechanism
that has allowed these substitutions the flow generated by the presence of a
North - South clines, we took as a goal find out if such clines really exist.
With that objective in mind we studied 29 populations of this species
distributed along four North - South transects. Specimens of D.
pseudoobscura caught by attracting them with fermenting bananas were
carried to the laboratory where from each female an isofemale line was
established. When their offspring appeared a single larva from each isofemale
was taken, its salivary glands extracted and stained with a solution of lacto-
aceto- orcein, by these means the polytene chromosomes were obtained. On these
chromosomes we identified, for each larva, the inversion (s) carried in the
third chromosome, in such a way 3439 third chromosomes were analyzed. Among the
29 localities we identified 17 different inversions but the number of them
varied from population to population from three to eleven. Relative frequencies
of each inversion at every location were calculated and with them for each
transect the presence or absence of clines was determined. Among each transect
the existence of clines was observed only between two or three near by
populations, but we were not able to find a clear manifestation of the presence
of clines along a complete transect. Our results at this respect are similar to
those previously reported for USA populations. A mechanism that explains North
– South substitutions of predominant inversions remains as open question.
Key words: Drosophila, inversions,
geographical clines.
Corresponding
author: dr Victor Salceda, Departamento de
Biología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares. Carretera
México-Toluca S/N, La Marquesa, Ocoyoacac, MEXICO, C.P. 52750. vmss@nuclear.inin.mx
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 42, No. 1 (2010), pp. 79-90
© 2010 Serbian
Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575:633.15
Original scientific paper
understanding and utilization
of genotype-by-environment interaction in maize breeding
Vojka BABIĆ1, Milosav BABIĆ1,
Mille IVANOVIĆ2, Marija KRALJEVIĆ-BALALIĆ3 and
Miodrag DIMITRIJEVIĆ3
1Maize Research
Institute, Zemun Polje, Belgrade, Serbia
2Institute of
Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia
3Faculty of
Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
Abstract
Babić V., M. Babić, M. Ivanović, M. Kraljević Balalić and M.
Dimitrijević (2010): Understanding and utilization of genotype-by-environment interaction in
maize breeding.- Genetika,
Vol 42, No. 1,79 -90.
Due to the interaction and noise in the experiments,
yield trails for studying varieties are carried out in numerous locations and
in the course of several years. Data of such trials have three principle tasks:
to evaluate precisely and to predict the yield on the basis of limited
experimental data; to determine stability and explain variability in the
response of genotypes across locations; and to be a good guide for the
selection of the best genotype for sowing under new agroecological conditions.
The yield prediction without the inclusion of the interaction with the
environments is incomplete and imprecise. Therefore, a great deal of breeding
and agronomic studies are devoted to observing of the interaction via
multilocation trials with replicates with the aim to use the interaction to
obtain the maximum yield in any environment.
Fifteen maize hybrids were analysed in 24
environments. As the interaction participates in the total sum of squares with 6%, and genotypes with 2%, the
interaction deserves observations more detailed than the classical analysis of
variance (ANOVA) provides it. With a view to observe the interaction effect in
detail in order to prove better understanding of genotypes, environments and
their interactions AMMI (Additive Main Effect and Multiplicative Interaction)
and the cluster analysis were applied. The partition of the interaction into
the principal components by the PCA analysis (Principal Components Analysis)
revealed a part of systematic variations in the interaction. These variations
are attributed to the length of the growing season in genotypes and to the
precipitation sum during the growing season in environments. Results of
grouping by the cluster analysis are in high accordance with grouping observed
in the biplot of the AMMI1 model.
Key words: AMMI, cluster analysis, interaction, maize hybrids
Corresponding
author: Babic Vojka, Maize Research Institute,
Zemun Polje, Slobodana Bajica 1, 11185 Belgrade- Zemun, Serbia; Tel: , Fax: 3756707, e-mail: vbabic@mrizp.rs
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 42, No. 1 (2010), pp. 91-102
© 2010 Serbian
Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575:633.34
Original scientific paper
BIOTECHNOLOGY
IN SOYBEAN BREEDING
Aleksandra
SUDARIC1, Marija VRATARIC1, Snezana MLADENOVIC DRINIC2,
and Maja MATOSA1
1Agricultural
Institute Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
2 Maize Research
Institute, Zemun Polje, Belgrade, Serbia
Abstract
Sudarić A., M. Vratarić, S. Mladenović
Drinić and M. Matosa (2010): Biotechnology in soybean breeding.- Genetika,
Vol 42, No. 1, 91-102.
Biotechnology can be defined broadly as a set of tools
that allows scientists to genetically characterize or improve living organisms.
Several emerging technologies, such as molecular characterization and genetic
transformation, are already being used extensively for the purpose of plant
improvement. Other emerging sciences, including genomics and proteomics, are
also starting to impact plant improvement. Tools provided by biotechnology will
not replace classical breeding methods, but rather will help provide new
discoveries and contribute to improved nutritional value and yield enhancement
through greater resistance to disease, herbicides and abiotic factors. In
soybeans, biotechnology has and will continue to play a valuable role in public
and private soybean breeding programs. Based on the availability and combination
of conventional and molecular technologies, a substantial increase in the rate
of genetic gain for economically important soybean traits can be predicted in
the next decade. In this paper, a short review of technologies for molecular
markers analysis in soybean is given as well as achievements in the area of
genetic transformation in soybean.
Key words: breeding, biotechnology, genetic
transformation, molecular markers, soybean
Corresponding
author: Aleksandra
Sudaric,Agricultural Institute Osijek,Južno
predgrađe 17,31000 Osijek,Croatia,email: aleksandra.sudaric@poljinos.hr
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 42, No. 1 (2010), pp. 103-118
© 2010 Serbian
Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575:633
Original scientific paper
VIGOUR TESTS AS INDICATORS OF SEED VIABILITY
Mirjana MILOŠEVIĆ 1*, Milka
VUJAKOVIĆ 2 and Đura KARAGIĆ 2
1Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management
of Republic of Serbia, Belgrade
2Institute of Seed and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad
Abstract
Miloševic M., M. Vujaković, Đ. Karagić
(2010): Vigour tests as indicators of seed viability.- Genetika, Vol 42, No. 1,
103 -118.
Seed marks the beginning of each plant production and
therefore ensuring its quality is the priority of modern seed science and a
prerequisite for obtaining high yields of all plant species. Determination of
seed quality and its viability indicates what seed lots can be placed onto the
market, and for that reason it is very important to have reliable methods and tests
to be used for seed quality and seed vigour testing.
The term vigour of viability is used to describe the
physiological characteristics of seeds that control its ability to germinate
rapidly in the soil and to tolerate various, mostly negative environmental
factors. MCDONALD grouped vigour tests into three groups: Physical tests –
determine seed characteristics such as size and mass. These tests are
inexpensive, quick, can be applied to large number of samples, and are
positively correlated with seed vigour. The main feature of seed development is
accumulation of nutritive materials, which is also in direct correlation with
vigour, i.e. with size and mass of seed; Physiological tests – using
germination and growth parameters. There are two types of these tests. First
type, when germination is done under favourable conditions (standard laboratory
germination, and test of growth intensity). Second type, when seed is exposed
to unfavourable environmental conditions (cold test, accelerated aging test,
and Hiltner test); Biochemical tests – are considered as indirect methods for
estimation of seed value. These are Tetrazolijum test, conductometric
measurements, enzyme activity and respiration.
Key words: seed quality, seed vigour, vigour tests
Corresponding author: Prof. dr Milošević Mirjana, Ministry of
Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management of Republic of Serbia, Nemanjina
22-26, Belgrade
email: m.milosevic@minpolj.gov.rs
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 42, No.1 (2010), pp. 119-135
© 2010 Serbian
Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575:633.15
Original scientific paper
GENETIC VARIABILITY AS BACKGROUND FOR THE ACHIEVEMENTS
AND PROSPECTS OF THE MAIZE UTILISATION DEVELOPMENT
Milica
RADOSAVLJEVIĆ1, Vitomir BEKRIĆ1, Marija
MILAŠINOVIĆ1, Zorica PAJIĆ1, Milomir
FILIPOVIĆ1 and Goran TODOROVIĆ2
1Maize Research Institute,
Zemun Polje, Belgrade, Serbia
2Institute
for Medicinal Plant Research "Dr
Josif Pančić", Belgrade, Serbia
Abstract
Radosavljević M., V. Bekrić, M.
Milašinović, Z.Pajić, M.Filipović and G. Todorović (2010): genetic
variability as background for the achievements and prospects of the maize
utilisation development.- Genetika, Vol 42, No. 1,119 -135.
Maize is one of the most important crops, and as such,
one of the most significant naturally renewable carbohydrate raw materials of
energy and numerous very different products. The dominance and superiority of
maize are primarily caused by the extremely wide, very diversified and enormous
possibilities of its utilisation.
Previous accomplishments are presented and prospective
developments of the maize chemistry and technology, i.e. maize utilisation in
our country and worldwide were discussed in the present study. The objective of
this study was to advert to this section of science that is full of real and
great challenges. Changes in the maize production and utilisation are
described. Some very important questions were asked, such as: what is it that
makes maize such a valuable, naturally renewable raw material, how and why do
we sow maize and harvest energy and products?
Key words: Maize, grain, utilisation, products
Corresponding
author: dr Milica
Radosavljević, Maize Research Institute, S.Bajica 1, 11185 Belgrade,
Serbia, email: mradosavljevic@mrizp.rs
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 42, No.1 (2010), pp. 137-144
© 2010 Serbian
Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575: 633. 15: 631.524
Original scientific paper
STABILITY PARAMETERS FOR GRAIN YIELD OF MAIZE
HYBRIDS (Zea mays
L.)
Milomirka
MADIĆ, Dragan ĐUROVIĆ
, Vladeta STEVOVIĆ and Nikola BOKAN
Faculty of
Agronomy, Cacak, Serbia
Abstract
Madic M., D Đurović, V. Stevović and N. Bokan (2009): Stability parameters for grain yield
of maize hybrids (Zea mays L.) - Genetika,
Vol. 42, No 1, 137- 144.
Stability parameters for grain yield were evaluated in 11 maize
hybrids of FAO 300-700 maturity groups (ZPSC 330M, ZPTC 404, ZPSC 42A, ZPSC
480, ZPSC 539, ZPSC 599, ZPSC 580, ZPSC 677, ZPSC 633, ZPSC 704 and ZPSC 753)
at three different locations in Central Serbia over a two-year period. The
hybrids were tested in two separate trials including 50,000 and 65,000
plants/ha, respectively. The stability parameters were estimated using the
EBERHART and RUSSELL regression model (1966).
There were no significant differences (except in the ZPTC 404 hybrid)
between the values of the regression coefficient (bi) for grain yield and the
mean value. The ZPSC 599 hybrid of the group of hybrids with a medium growing
season gave high yields and less favourable values of stability parameters at
most locations and over most years as compared to the long-season hybrids. The
late maturity hybrids (FAO 600 and 700) as compared to the early maturity ones
generally exhibited unfavourable values of stability parameters, i.e. a
specific response and better adaptation to more favourable environmental
conditions, and produced higher average yields. The yield of these hybrids
could not have been jeopardized by the yield of the early maturity hybrids.
Key words:
maize, grain yield, stability parameters
Corresponding
author: Milomirka Madic, Faculty of Agronomy,
Cara Dusana 34, 3200 Cacak, e-mail: mmadic@tfc.kg.ac.rs
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 42, No. 1 (2010), pp. 145-153
© 2010 Serbian
Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575
Original scientific paper
DETECTION OF XIIA
PHYTOPLASMA GROUP ON CULTIVAR ZUPLJANKA IN ZUPA VINEYARD REGION BY RFLP
ANALYSIS OF 16S rDNA SEQUENCES
Dragana
JOŠIĆ1, Slobodan Kuzmanović2,
Saša Stojanović2,
Goran Aleksić2,
Snežana Pavlović3,
Mira Starović2
1 Institute of Soil Science,
Belgrade, Serbia
2 Institute for
Plant Protection and Environment, Belgrade, Serbia
3Institute for
Medicinal Plant Research “Dr Josif Pančić”, Belgrade, Serbia
Abstract
Jošić D., S. Kuzmanović, S. Stojanović, G. Aleksić, S.Pavlović
and M. Stavrović (2010): Detection of XIIA phytoplasma group on
cultivar Zupljanka in Zupa vineyard region by RFLP analysis of 16S rDNA
sequences.- Genetika, Vol 42, No. 1, 145 -153.
“Bois noir” (BN) is an important grapevine disease associated with
phytoplasmas belonging to ribosomal subgroup 16SrXII-A. Phytoplasmas cause
diseases in several hundred plant species. The number of infected cultivars is
growing each year and it is important to follow the spreading of the
phytoplasma in the different regions and identify which strains are present in
specific regions on specific cultivars. Phytoplasmas are identified and
classified based on direct sequencing of phytoplasma 16S rDNA or the 16S to 23S
intergenic spacer region, but this approach is not always practical when a
large number of unknown phytoplasmas is to be analyzed. Classification by RFLP
analysis has provided a simple and rapid method that can be used to
differentiate and identify a large number of unclarified phytoplasmas. Our objective
was to investigate presence of phytoplasmas of 16SrXII-A group (Stolbur) in
Zupa vineyard region. Detection was based on RFLP analysis of 16s rDNA
sequences using four restriction enzymes: Tru1I, AluI, KpnI
and TaqI. We identified phytoplasmas of XIIA group on two of three
investigated cultivars (Zupljanka and Frankovka, but not on Plovdina) in the
Zupa vineyard regions (Gornje Rataje and Tules locality). This is the first
report of Stolbur phytoplasma on cv. Zupljanka in Zupa region.
Key words: phytoplasmas XIIA group, nested-PCR, RFLP analyses, cv. Zupljanka
Corresponding
author: Dragana
Jošić, Institute of Soil Science, Teodora Drajzera 7, Belgrade, Serbia,
e-mail: dragana_josic@yahoo.co.uk
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 42, No. 1(2010), pp. 155-168
© 2010 Serbian
Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575:633.15
Original scientific paper
STUDIES
ON MAIZE INBRED LINES SUSCEPTIBILITY
TO HERBICIDES
Lidija STEFANOVIĆ, Milena SIMIĆ, Vesna DRAGIČEVIĆ
Maize Research Institute, Belgrade, Serbia
Abstract
Stevanovic L., M. Simić and V. Dragičević (2010): Studies
on maize inbred lines susceptibility to herbicides.-
Genetika, Vol 42, No. 1, 155 -168.
This paper presents the analysis of results obtained during long-term
studies on the response of maize inbred lines to herbicides. Under the
agroecological conditions of Zemun Polje the response (reaction of maize inbred
lines to herbicides of different classes was investigated. Biological tests
were performed and some agronomic, morphological, physiological and biochemical
parameters were determined
when the response of maize inbred lines to herbicides was estimated. The use of
active ingredients of herbicides from triazine, acetanilide,
thiocarbamate to new chemical groups (sulfonylurea etc.),
have been resulted in changes in weed suppression
and susceptibility of inbred lines. Obtained results show that effects of
herbicides on susceptible maize genotypes can be different: they can slowdown
the growth and development and affect the plant
height; they can also affect the stages of the tassel and ear development and
at the end they can reduced grain yield of the tested inbreds. Numerous studies
confirmed the existence of differences in susceptibility level of maize
genotypes in relation to herbicides. According to gained results the
recommendations for growers are made on the possibility of the application of
new herbicides in the hybrid seed production.
Key words: maize inbred lines; herbicides; yield; fresh weight; EWRC estimation
Corresponding
author: dr Milena
Simić, Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, S. Bajića 1, 11185
Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia, Tel. ,Fax ,E-mail: smilena@mrizp.rs
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 42, No. 1(2010), pp. 169-176
© 2010 Serbian
Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC:575
Review
paper
MODE OF INHERITANCE AND COMBINING ABILITIES FOR KERNEL ROW NUMBER,
KERNEL NUMBER PER ROW AND GRAIN YIELD IN MAIZE (Zea mays L.)
Jan BOĆANSKI1, Zorana
SREĆKOV1, Aleksandra NASTASIĆ2, Mile
IVANOVIĆ2, Ivica DJALOVIĆ2,and Mirjana
VUKOSAVLJEV3
1 Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad, Serbia
2 Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia
3WUR, Wageningen, Netherlands
Abstract
Boćanski J., Z. Srečkov, A. Nastasić, M. Ivanović, I. Djalović
and M. Vukosavljev (2010): Mode of inheritance and combining abilities for kernel row number,
kernel number per row and grain yield in maize (Zea mays L.) - Genetika, Vol
42, No. 1, 169- 176.
Utilization of heterosis requires the study of
combining abilities of potential parents. In view of this, the objective of
this paper was to study combining abilities and determine the mode of
inheritance and gene effects for the main agronomic character, grain yield, and
its components, kernel row number and kernel number per row. Six inbred lines
were used in the study, three of which originated in the U.S., while the other
three were developed at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad.
Kernel row number was inherited by superdominance, partial dominance, complete
dominance and intermediacy. The mode of inheritance of kernel number per row
and grain yield was superdominance. Additive gene action had the greatest
influence on the expression of kernel row number, while the other two traits
were influenced the most by nonadditive gene.
Key words: combining abilities,maize, mode of
inheritance
Corresponding
author: prof dr Jan
Bocanski, Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad, Serbia, email: bocanski@polj.ns.ac.rs
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 42, No. 1(2010), pp. 177-194
© 2010 Serbian
Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575
Original scientific paper
FROM GENETICS
TO GENOMICS IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Elena
TODOROVSKA2, Atanas ATANASSOV1,and Dimitar VASSILEV2*
1Joint Genomic
Centre, Sofia, Bulgaria
2Agro Bio Institute, Sofia, Bulgaria
Abstract
Todorovska E., A. Atanassov, and D. Vassilev (2010): From genetics to
genomics in plants and animals.- Genetika, Vol 42, No. 1,177 -194.
The classical
concepts in plant and livestock selection for economically important
quantitative traits traditionally are based on phenotypic records, aiming at
improvement of the traits by obtaining better genetic gain. The increase in
genetic variation together with shortening of the generation interval is the
major target of long term improvement of methods and tools for selection
activities. The discoveries
and implementations of biotechnology and molecular biology for selection
purposes provide a stable background for generating of new knowledge and
practical use in agricultural research and practice as well as to meet the
growing demand for more and with better quality food and feed. The innovations
in molecular knowledge related to practical selection aside with the quick
quantification in breeding schemes allowed to reconsider the opportunities for
sustainable development of selection methods for improvement of the traits of
interest in agriculture, the quick invention and practical application of new high-throughput
technologies for studying of the genomic variation, evolution, translation of
proteins and metabolite determination altogether put in an open and
communicative environment of information technologies provide a new holistic
platform for better research and more knowledge for practical application of
selection decisions.
Key words:agriculture, biotechnology, MAS
Corresponding author: dr Dmiter Vassilev, AgroBio Institute,
Sofia, Bulgaria, email: jim6329@gmail.com
Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 42, No. 1(2010), pp. 195-208
© 2010 Serbian
Genetics Society
S. Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade-Zemun
Serbia
UDC 575
Original scientific paper
ETHICS IN SCIENTIFIC RESULTS APPLICATION: GENE AND LIFE FORMS PATENTING
Kosana KONSTANTINOV1,2,*, Snežana MLADENOVIC DRINIC1,2,*,
Violeta ANĐELKOVIĆ1 and Milosav BABIĆ1
1Maize Research Institute “Zemun Polje”,
Belgrade, Serbia
2 Serbian Academy of Engineering Sciences,
Belgrade, Serbia
*Authors are members of National Committee for
Bioethics of
UNESCO Commission of Serbia
Abstract
Konstantinov K., S. Mladenović Drinić, V. Anđelković
and M. Babić (2010): Ethics
in scientific results application: gene and life forms patenting -
Genetika, Vol 42, No. 1, 195 -208.
The remarkable development and application of new
genetic technologies over the past decades has been accompanied by profound
changes in the way in which research is commercialized in the life sciences. As results, new
varieties of commercially grown crops with improved or new traits are
developed. Many thousands of patents which assert rights over DNA sequences
have been granted to researchers across the public and private sector. The effects of
many of these patents are extensive, because inventors who assert rights over
DNA sequences obtain protection on all uses of the sequences. Extremely
valuable to breeders in the national agricultural research system is the
ability to genotype their collections to get a clear picture of their diversity
and how diversity could be enhanced through sharing and access to global
collections. The issue of the eligibility for patenting of DNA sequences needs to be
reopened. Patents that assert rights over DNA sequences and their uses are, in some
cases, supportable,
but in others, should be treated with great caution. Rights over DNA sequences as research tools should be
discouraged. That the best
way to discourage the award of such patents is by stringent application of
the criteria for patenting, particularly utility. A more equitable, ethically –
based food and agricultural system must incorporate concern for three accepted
global goals: improved well being, protection of the environment and improved
public health (particular point food from GMO). To mitigate conflict one of the
approach to solve problem is ethical and truthful label of GM food, because
consumers have a right to choose whether to eat genetically modified foods or
not. Interesting examples and risks as
consequences of free availability of genetic resources utilization, its
transformation, patenting of “new” organism and selling it back to
the genetic resource owner are presented. Society has
obligations to raise levels of nutrition and standards living by
all respect to ethics at each step.
Key words: biotechnology; ethics;
GMO, gene patenting; IPR, plants
Corresponding
author: dr Kosana Konstantinov,
Maize Research Institute, S.Bajica 1, 11185 Belgrade, Serbia e-mail: kosnak@nadlanu.com