GENETIKA, Vol

GENETIKA, Vol. 27, No.1 (1995)

Božidar ĐORĐEVIĆ and Miroslav OPRIĆ

VARIABLE RESPONSE OF CELLS FROM DIFFERENT COLONIC TUMORS TREATED WITH 5-FLUOROURACIL IN HYBRID SPHEROIDS [Abstract]

B.N. SINGH and Salomy MATHEW

GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION WITH RESPECT TO STERNOPLEURAL BRISTLE NUMBER IN INDIAN POPULATIONS OF DROSOPHILA ANANASSAE [Abstract]

Stanislav ŠESEK

CYTOGENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PLANTS REGENERATED BY ANTHER CULTURE OF WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) IN VITRO [Abstract]

Ivan HUSIĆ, Lazar KOJIĆ, Mile IVANOVIĆ and Obrad STOJNIĆ

COMPONENTS OF VARIANCE AND HERITABILITY FOR GRAIN YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS FOR S1 AND HS PROGENIES IN TWO EARLY MATURITY SYNTHETIC POPULATIONS OF MAIZE [Abstract]

Dragana JOVANOVIĆ and Dragoslav MARINKOVIĆ

HUMAN HANDEDNESS AND CORRELATIONS AMONG GENETICALLY CONTROLLED QUALITATIVE TRAITS [Abstract]

Concepcion de JUANA and Maria D. OCHANDO

EARLY ADULT SURVIVORSHIP PATTERN OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER POPULATIONS [Abstract]

Ivan MIHALJEV, Marija KRALJEVIĆ-BALALIĆ, Petar ĐOKIĆ and Stevan PETROVIĆ

FUTURE NEEDS FOR CHANGES OF CONCEPTION AND THE METHODS USED IN PLANT BREEDING [Abstract]

Marija ZLOKOLICA, Mirjana MILOŠEVIĆ and Ivan GERIĆ

GENETIC VARIABILITY OF YUGOSLAV CORN COLLECTIONS [Abstract]

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 27, No.1 (1995), pp. 1-9

Serbia

UDC 575.17

Original scientific paper

VARIABLE RESPONSE OF CELLS FROM DIFFERENT COLONIC TUMORS TREATED WITH 5-FLUOROURACIL IN HYBRID SPHEROIDS

Božidar ĐORĐEVIĆ and Miroslav OPRIĆ

Department of Radiation Oncology State University of New York Health Science Center al Brooklyn, Brooklyn, NY 11203,USA

Abstract

Đorđević, B. and M. Oprić (1995): Variable response of cells from different coloni tumors treated with 5-fluorouracil in hybrid spheroids. - Genetika, Vol. 27. No. 1, 1-9.

The clonogenic Hybrid Spheroid Assay has been used to determine the toxicity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment in four cell preparations obtained either directly from colon cancer surgical specimens, or derived from such specimens after only a few passages in cullure. The principal finding was that individual patient tumors showed different sensitivities to 5-FU. In one cell preparation the response to graded concentrations of 5-FU maintained for 16 hours was considerably higher than the response to 5-FU i maintained for only 6.5 hours. In another preparation, the response to graded concentrtions of 5-FU was similar for both treatment times, and in addition a plateau of clonogenic inactivation with increasing 5-FU concentrations was observed. In two other preparations differences between treatment times were not significant. It was surmised that the plateau in effectiveness of increased 5-FU concentrations depends on the retention of tumor cells in a 5-FU refractory phase. The implication of these findings in the control of cancer cells by 5-FU is discussed.

Key words: colonic tumors, 5-fluorouracil, sensitivity, cancer cells, toxicity

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 27, No.1 (1995), pp. 11-18

Serbia

UDC 575.4

Original scientific paper

GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION WITH RESPECT TO STERNOPLEURAL BRISTLE NUMBER IN INDIAN POPULATIONS OF DROSOPHILA ANANASSAE

B.N. SINGH and Salomy MATHEW

Geneties laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India

Abstract

Singh B.N. and S. Mathew (1955): Genetic differentiation with respect to steniopleural bristle number in Indian populations of Drosophila ananassae. - Genetika, Vol. 27, No. 1, 11 - 18.

A large number of mass culture laboratory socks of Drosophila ananassae established from naturally inseminated females collected from ecogeographically different localities in India were scored for number of sternopleural bristles. There were significant differences among different strains with respect to the number of bristles. The mean number of bristles was significantly higher in females than males. The coefficient of variation showed that variability for chaeta number differed significantly between strains. These results suggest that there is genetic differentiation with respect to this quantitative trait in Indian populations of D. ananassae.

Key words: Drosophila, strain, genetic differentiating, sternopleural bristle, variability

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 27, No.1 (1995), pp. 19-23

Serbia

UDC 576.3:633.11

Original scientific paper

CYTOGENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PLANTS REGENERATED BY ANTHER CULTURE OF WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) IN VITRO

Stanislav ŠESEK

Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Šesek S. (1995): Cytogenetic characteristics of plants regenerated by anther culture of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in vitro. - Genetika, Vol. 27, No. 1, 19-23.

Cytogenetic analysis of 189 green plants regenerated by anther culture in vitro was performed for Triticum aestivum L. A haploid number of chromosomes (2n = 3x = 21) was found in 49.2% of the examined pollen plants, while 41.3% of the plants had a diploid number of chromosomes (2n = 6x = 42) in their somatic cells. This means that 90.5% of the green pollen plants were either polyhaploids or hexaploids. Haploaneuploids i.e. polyhaploids with 2n = 19, 20 or 23 chromosomes, occurred in the frequency of 2.1%, while the frequency of diploaneuploids (hexaploids with 2n = 40, 41, 43 or 44 chromosomes) was 4.2%. Only 2 polyploids were found: one with 2n = 8x = 56, and one with 2n = 9x = 63 chromosomes, which was 1.1% of the total number of analysed pollen plants. Also, there were 2.1 % of mixoploids, i.e. plants which contained somatic cells with haploid and diploid numbers of chromosomes.

Key words: Wheat, anther culture, regeneration, cytogenetic characteristics

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 27, No.1 (1995), pp. 25-34

Serbia

UDC 576.3:633.15

Original scientific paper

COMPONENTS OF VARIANCE AND HERITABILITY FOR GRAIN YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS FOR S₁ AND HS PROGENIES IN TWO EARLY MATURITY SYNTHETIC POPULATIONS OF MAIZE

Ivan HUSIĆ, Lazar KOJIĆ, Mile IVANOVIĆ and Obrad STOJNIĆ

Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje", 11080 Belgrade-Zemun, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Husić I., L. Kojić, M. Ivanović and O. Stojnić (1995): Components of variance and heritabilily for grain yield and yield components for S₁ and HS progenies in two early maturity synthetic populations of maize. - Genetika, Vol. 27, No. 1, 25-34.

Based on analysis of variance using the Nestd design random model, the level of genetic and phenolypic variance, as well as heritability for grain yield and yield components for S₁ and HS progenies were determined in two early maturity syntehtic populations of maize. The results obtained indicate a satisfactory level of variability present for all observed traits in S₁ and HS progenies of both populations. Thus, the principal prerequisite for the successful application of breeding methods is fulfilled. The higher level of genetic variance for grain yield for ZP Syn 101/9 in relation to ZP Syn 99/9 gives a better starting base for the application of recurent selection methods.

Key words: Maize, components of variance, grain yield, heritability

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 27, No.1 (1995), pp. 35-45

Serbia

UDC 576.3

Original scientific paper

HUMAN HANDEDNESS AND CORRELATIONS AMONG GENETICALLY CONTROLLED QUALITATIVE TRAITS

Dragana JOVANOVIĆ and Dragoslav MARINKOVIĆ

Facuity of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Jovanović D., and D. Marinković (1995): Human handedness and correlations among genetically controlled qualitative traits. - Genetika, Vol. 27, No. 1.35-45.

A population-genetic analysis of 17 selected genetically controlled morpho-physiological characteristics was earned out in a sample of 126 left-handed (L) and the same number of right-handed (R) representatives. The studied traits were split into three groups according to their similarity, producing a large number of phenotypic classes, each with a specific combination of traits. A significant difference in the type of distribution, as well as in the presence of certain individual combinations of such traits (phenotypes) was found between L-handed and R-handed examinees. This could suggest that differences observed at phenotypic levels may have a genetic basis. The existence of certain preferential combinations within L, and R representatives could be the consequence of the presence of different combinations of allelogenes which determine the analyzed traits.

Key words: human handedness, qualitative traits, homozygously-recessive characters

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 27, No.1 (1995), pp. 47-54

Serbia

UDC 576

Original scientific paper

EARLY ADULT SURVIVORSHIP PATTERN OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER POPULATIONS

Concepcion de JUANA and Maria D. OCHANDO

Departmento de Genetica, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Complutense, 28040 - Madrid, Spain

Abstract

Juana C. de, M.D. Ochando (1995): Early adult survivorship pattern of Drosophila melanogaster populations. - Genetika, Vol. 27, No. 1, 47-54.

We measured the mortality of Drosophila melanogaster flies from two different populations during the period of maximum sexual activity. The two populations do not show any significant difference in early adult survivorship. However, there are significant differences between the sexes and, also, between sexually mixed groups and sexually segregated ones. The results are discussed in relation to the reproductive costs.

Key words: Drosophila melanogaster, population, survivorship, mortality, life span

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 27, No.1 (1995), pp. 55 - 62

Serbia

UDC 575.1

Original scientific paper

FUTURE NEEDS FOR CHANGES OF CONCEPTION AND THE METHODS USED IN PLANT BREEDING

Ivan MIHALJEV, Marija KRALJEVIĆ-BALALIĆ, Petar ĐOKIĆ and Stevan PETROVIĆ

Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Mihaljev I., M. Kraljević-Balalić, P. Đokić, and S. Petrović (1995): Future needs for chances of conception and the methods used in plant breeding. - Genetika. Vol. 27, No. 1, 55 - 62.

In this century excellent progress in plant breeding has been achieved. A great number of varieties and hybrids with good agronomic characteristics was created, and the potential for yields in many species was increased by the rate of 1 % yearly. In the next decade plant breeding faces new tasks. Because of this it is necessary to plan changes of conceptions and methods for creating new cultivars. Regarding conceptions concerning requirements which are the result of changes which have arisen in the modern world, they can be expressed in a few main stalemetns: to adapt to global climatic changes, to protect from environmental pollution, to increase hygienic security and the nutritive quality of food, to increase the level and stability of yields, and to increase the profitability of crop production. Regarding methods and techniques of plant breeding, acording to new knowledge obtained from „in vitro" cultures, cytogenetics, molecular genetics and genetic engineering, it will be possible to improve conventional methods of plant breeding and introduce new methods and techniques. I laving this in mind, in this paper several possibilities for meeting future needs in plant breeding are identified such as: breeding disease and insect reststnat cultivars, biological control of pathogens, breeding low input cultivars, fixation of atmospheric nitrogen, breeding hybrid cultivars by utilization of genetic mechanisms, breeding cultivars suitable for mechanization, breeding for improving the nutritive quality of food, and the introduction of new plant species.

Key words: plant breeding, economic varieties, high quality

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 27, No.1 (1995), pp. 63-83

Serbia

UDC 575:633.15

Original scientific paper

GENETIC VARIABILITY OF YUGOSLAV CORN COLLECTIONS

Marija ZLOKOLICA, Mirjana MILOŠEVIĆ and Ivan GERIĆ

Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Yugoslavia

Abstract

Zlokolica M., M. Milošević and I. Gerić (1995): Genetic variability of Yugoslav corn collections - Genetika. Vol. 27, No. 1, 63 - 83.

Yugoslav corn collections are grown in a region with different geographical and ecological conditions, which may be expected to affect differentiation and adaptability. The emergence of variability depends on the region where the populations are grown. Investigation of this genetic variability and diversity is important for selection and improvement of corn production. Moreover, collections of old populations and wild relatives of cultivated plants can be of practical significance as new genetic resources. Using molecular marker data these materials can be examined as possible sources of new genes of agronomic significance. An investigation of allozymic variability can also contribute to knowledge about the genetic variability and diversity of this material.

Key words: genetic variability and diversity, maize, populations, molecular markers

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