GENETIKA, Vol

GENETIKA, Vol. 1, No.1 (1969)

M. DENIC

ON THE SPECIES SPECIFICITY IN PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN BACTERIA AND HIGHER PLANTS [Abstract]

B. PEJKIC

CYTOGENETIC PROPERTIES OF SOUR CHERRY TYPES - THE MARASKA [Abstract]

M. DENIC, J. DUMANOVIC, K. G. BERGSTRAND and L. EHRENBERG

ON PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS OF VARIATION IN AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF MAIZE ENDOSPERM PROTEINS AFTER Y-IRRADIATION [Abstract]

M. JOVANOVIC and A. TUCOVIC

SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF HYBRID BIRCHES PRODUCED BY CROSSING SPECIES WITH DIFFERENT NUMBER OF CHROMOSOMES [Abstract]

D. MARINKOVIĆ

ON THE PREDICTION OF HETEROTIC EFFECT IN DROSPHILA PSEUDOOBSCURA AND D. MELANOGASTER [Abstract]

S. ŽIVKOVIĆ, I. ISAKOVIĆ i Mirjana MILOŠEVIĆ

COMPARATIVE KARYOTYPE ANALYSIS OF THREE POPULATIONS OF CERVUS ELAPHUS L. FROM MIDDLE AND SOUTH-EAST EUROPE [Abstract]

A. T. NATARAJAN and D. NIKOLIC

PATTERNS OF CHROMOSOME DUPLICATION AND MITOTIC CELL CYCLE PARAMETERS IN NIGELLA DAMASCENA [Abstract]

H. IBRAHIM, S. SHANNON and R. W. ROBINSON

HIGH PIGMENTATION »hp« GENE AND ANTHOCYANIN PRODUCTION IN THE HYPOCOTYLS OF TOMATO SEEDLINGS [Abstract]

Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 1, No.1 (1969), pp. 5-10

Serbia

Original scientific paper

ON THE SPECIES SPECIFICITY IN PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN BACTERIA AND HIGHER PLANTS

M. DENIC

Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, Veterinary-Medicine and Forestry -Zemun

Abstract

Denic, M. (1969): On the species specificity in protein synthesis in bacteria and higher plants. - Genetika, Vol. 1, No. 1, 5-10.

In order to study the phenomenon of species specificity the incorporation of 1- phenylalanine to tRNA and to polyphenylala-nine in E. coli and wheat embryo system was studied.

The data obtained show that there is no binding of phenylalanine to tRNA from wheat in the presence of supernatant fraction from E. coli, and vice versa. Further studies showed that ribosomes and supernatant fraction from E. coli are notchangeable with those of wheat. However, the supernatant from E. coli in the presence of 1-phenylalanyl-tRNA and ribosomes from wheat was able to synthesize polyphenylalanine. As expected, the heterologous 1-phenulalanyl-tRNA either from E. coli or from wheat can be transferred to the ribosomes if both supernatant and ribosomes are of the same origin.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 1, No.1 (1969), pp. 11-23

Serbia

Original scientific paper

CYTOGENETIC PROPERTIES OF SOUR CHERRY TYPES - THE MARASKA

B. PEJKIC

Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd—Zemun

Abstract

Pejkic, B. (1969): Cytogenetic properties of sour cherry types - the Maraska. - Genetika, Vol. 1, No. 1, 11-23.

Four types of the Maraska sour cherry are cultivated in Yugoslavia. On the basis of cytogenetic investigations, it was found that all the types had 2n=32 chromosomes. By comparing the frequency, the number of retarded and conjugated trivalent and quadrivalent chromosomes, it seems that this was the most pronounced in the pendula, and considerably less in the erecta type. On the basis of the conjugation frequency of three valent and four valent chromosomes, it may be assumed that all types of the Maraska sour cherry were formed in the autopolyploidium or aloploidal manner and by crossing the related species and duplications of the number of their hromosomes.

We observed a frequency of diades, triades, irregular te-trades, pentades, and hexades, which had an unfavorable effect since it decreased the pollen germination.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 1, No.1 (1969), pp. 25-41

Serbia

Original scientific paper

ON PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS OF VARIATION IN AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF MAIZE ENDOSPERM PROTEINS AFTER Y-IRRADIATION

M. DENIC, J. DUMANOVIC, K. G. BERGSTRAND and L. EHRENBERG

INEP, Zemun - Beograd, Yugoslavia, and Dept. of Biochemistry, University of Stockholm, Sweden

Abstract

Denic, M., Dumanovic, J., Bergstrand, K. G., and Ehrenberg, L. (1969): On principal components of variation in ammo acid composition of maize endosperm proteins affter ^-irradiation. - Genetika, Vol. 1, No. 1, 25-41.

The contents of protein and sixteen amino acids were determined in the endosperm part of single maize kernels belonging to 76 different sublines inbred for five generations following y-irradiation of kernels of the line V-312. A considerable variation was induced, evidently due to mutation. The mutants had pre-ponderatingly higher protein content, whereas, e. g. the lysine content varied in both directions.

In order to conceive in a simple way all correlations the number of principal components of the total variations was determined. 90 per cent of the total variation in the relative abundances of the individual amino acids could be described in terms of 6 vectors in a sixteen-dimensional space. Although an unambiguous transplation of these vectors into definite proteins (protein fractions) is not yet possible, partly due to experimental error, the picture obtained is in general agreement with a variation in the relative amounts of lysine-rich proteins (also containing, e. g., his, arg, asp, gly) and proteins of the zein type poor in these amino acids. Certain high-lysine lines observed have a potential plant breeding value.

The induced variation has certain similarities with the variation occurring in a group of 45 genetically different maize lines (including three opaque-2 lines). The significance of the result of the principal component analysis was corroborated by the demonstration of different partial correlations.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 1, No.1 (1969), pp. 43-58

Serbia

Original scientific paper

SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF HYBRID BIRCHES PRODUCED BY CROSSING SPECIES WITH DIFFERENT NUMBER OF CHROMOSOMES

M. JOVANOVIC and A. TUCOVIC

Institut za šumarstvo i drvnu industriju, Beograd

Abstract

Jovanovic, M. and Tucovic, A. (1969): Some characteristics of hybrid birches produced by crossing species with different number of chromosomes.- Genetika, Vol. 1, No. 1, 43-58

By the interspecific hybridization of the diploid Betula verrucosa with the tetraploid birches Betula pubescens and Betula papyrifera, all belonging to the Section Excelsae W. D. Koch, hybrid posterities were obtained. In the first two years of growth, controlled populations of both parents, taken on an average, showed a better growth than the plants in hybrid populations. By a comparative-morphological analysis of the hybrid and controlled plants, a predominance of the characters of the parent with a larger number of chromosomes in the genome was established in the first hybrid generation.

Intersectional hybridization between Betula verrucosa and hexaploid Betula lutea (belonging to the Section Costatae R g 1.) resulted in a small quantity of hybrid plants of small vitality and very poor growth, of which only a few survived the first year of vegetation.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 1, No.1 (1969), pp. 59-69

Serbia

Original scientific paper

ON THE PREDICTION OF HETEROTIC EFFECT IN DROSPHILA PSEUDOOBSCURA AND D. MELANOGASTER

D. MARINKOVIĆ

Prirodno-matematički fakultet i Institut za biološka istraživanja, Beograd

Abstract

Marinkovic, D. (1969): On the prediction of heterotic effect in Drosphila pseudoobscura and D. melanogaster. - Genetika, Vol. 1, No. 1, 59-69

Viability and fecundity were analyzed in a great number of the homozygotes and heterozygous combinations of wild second chromosomes of D. pseudoobscura and D. melangaster. The heterozygotes for studied chromosomes were subdivided into three groups: positively heterotic, negatively heterotic, and those where heterosis was pot expressed. In each of these groups a characteristic relationship among the pairs of homozygotes-constituents was found.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 1, No.1 (1969), pp. 71-79

Serbia

Original scientific paper

COMPARATIVE KARYOTYPE ANALYSIS OF THREE POPULATIONS OF CERVUS ELAPHUS L. FROM MIDDLE AND SOUTH-EAST EUROPE

S. ŽIVKOVIĆ, I. ISAKOVIĆ i Mirjana MILOŠEVIĆ

Institut za biološka istraživanja - Beograd i Operativno-naučni institut »Dr Ilija Buričić« - Bilje

Abstract

Zivkovic, S., Isakovic, I. and Milosevic, Mirjana (1969): Comparative karyotype analysis of three populations of Cervus elaphus L. from middle and south-east Europe. - Genetika, Vol. 1, No 1, 71-79.

A comparative karyotype - analysis was made in Cervuselaphys L., by studying the samples collected in Small Carpats (Czechoslovakia) and in two localities in northern part of Yugoslavia. From all three populations studied, the identical chromosomal idiograms were obtained. It is concluded that the analyzed samples belong to the same subspecies - C. elaphus hippelaphus.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 1, No.1 (1969), pp. 81-85

Serbia

Original scientific paper

PATTERNS OF CHROMOSOME DUPLICATION AND MITOTIC CELL CYCLE PARAMETERS IN NIGELLA DAMASCENA

A. T. NATARAJAN and D. NIKOLIC

Biochemistry Department, University of Stockholm, Sweden

Abstract

Natarajan, A. T. and Nikolic, D. (1969): Patterns of chromosome duplication and mitotic cell cycle parameters in Nigella damascena. - Genetika, Vol. I, No. 1, 81-85

Utilizing tritiated thymidine as the chromosome label and following the appearance of labelled cells in division, the mitotic cell cycle parameters (at 18°C) for the root meristematic cells of Nigella damascena have been determined to be: G_t = 10.5 h, S = 7 h, G₂ = 10 h and mitosis = 2.5 h. It was also found that Nigella lacks any late replicating regions in the chromosome complement indicating that heterochromatic regions are absent in this material. The significance of these findings are briefly discussed.

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Published in „GENETIKA“ Vol. 1, No.1 (1969), pp. 87-94

Serbia

Original scientific paper

HIGH PIGMENTATION »hp« GENE AND ANTHOCYANIN PRODUCTION IN THE HYPOCOTYLS OF TOMATO SEEDLINGS

H. IBRAHIM, S. SHANNON and R. W. ROBINSON

Wheat and Barley Section, Ministry of Agriculture, Giza. Cairo, UAR and Department of Vegetable Crops, New York State Agric. Exp. Station, Geneva, USA

Abstract

Ibrahim, H., Shannon, S. and Robinson, R. W. (1969): High pigmentation »hp« gene and anthocyanin production in the hypocotyls of tomato seedlings. Genetika, Vol. 1, No. 1, 87-94.

The high pigment gene influences many seemingly unrelated physiological processes, bringing about increases in carotenoids, chlorophyll, ascorbic acid, fruit firmness and stem brittleness. Still another effect of this gene was discovered more recently by E. A. Kerr, who observed »hp« seedling differ from normal, by producing a pink pigment in the subterranean portion of their hypocotyls. In view of the diverse pleiotropic effect of »hp«, the identification of »hp« seedlings and the biochemical nature of this pink pigment aroused our interest.

It was found that the best method for identification is by etiolating the seedlings up to one inch height then exposed to short period od light (2000 F. C.), then put back in the dark for another one or two days. It is better to plant the seed in soil than in petri-dish.

It was determined by paper chromatography that the pigment consisted of antihocyanins. The antihocyanins of both »hp« and normal plants were acylated diglucosides. Hydrolysis of the anthocyanin pigment revealed that petunidin was the major ant-hocyanidin in both »hp« and normal, and both had lower amount of malvidin and traces of delphinidin. Both »hp« an normal had the same aglycones, sugars, and acyl group. Thus, »hp« affects the rate of production of the chemicals in the pathway to enhance the final product. Or, it may involved in the speeding up of the oxidation-reduction process in the plant.

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